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 |    Not for the faint of art. |
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Complex Numbers A complex number is expressed in the standard form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i is defined by i^2 = -1 (that is, i is the square root of -1). For example, 3 + 2i is a complex number. The bi term is often referred to as an imaginary number (though this may be misleading, as it is no more "imaginary" than the symbolic abstractions we know as the "real" numbers). Thus, every complex number has a real part, a, and an imaginary part, bi. Complex numbers are often represented on a graph known as the "complex plane," where the horizontal axis represents the infinity of real numbers, and the vertical axis represents the infinity of imaginary numbers. Thus, each complex number has a unique representation on the complex plane: some closer to real; others, more imaginary. If a = b, the number is equal parts real and imaginary. Very simple transformations applied to numbers in the complex plane can lead to fractal structures of enormous intricacy and astonishing beauty. ![Merit Badge in Quill Award
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| Yeah, I know the entry title is clickbait. Hey, it's a legitimate writing skill. Of course, the actual article is from Cracked, and it's only about individual words which, of course, only have whatever meaning we decide they have at any particular time. Kind of like everything else, actually. The Bible is how we got such words as "spake," "mammon," and of course "Nehemiah." Spake -- wasn't he the cousin Spock never talked about? Also surprised they don't mention Nimrod in this article. You've probably called, or heard someone call, someone a "nimrod" to mean something like "idiot" or "fool." Nimrod was described as "a mighty hunter" in the Bible; Bugs Bunny called Elmer Fudd "Nimrod" ironically and boom, a new usage is born. Praise Bugs! It also contributed some words that we actually use. Well, actually... Apart from a boatload of names, the Bible didn't directly contribute a lot of words; the English translation of it did. Of course it's translated into hundreds of languages now, but the original was written primarily in ancient Hebrew, Greek, and Aramaic. But I think the article is mostly taking about the KJV, which uses language similar to Shakespeare because it was published at about the same time. 4. There's Nothing "Immaculate" About Virginity It seems a lot of people don't know what "immaculate conception" means. Because the Immaculate Conception was not the birth of Jesus to a virgin (an event you can instead conveniently just refer to as "the virgin birth"). It was the conception of Mary herself. Mary's mother was no virgin -- Mary's parents had sex, which is the normal way of making kids -- but the conception of Mary is called "immaculate" because she herself had no original sin. To further complicate matters, "immaculate" is a Latin-root word, and you'll note that Latin isn't in the list of languages in which the Bible was originally written. It was, of course, translated into Latin very early on. Bonus knowledge: "macula" in Latin meant "spot," in case, you know, you were looking for a name for your dog. Unborn babies aren't generally known for sinning much, especially if you revere unborn children as much as the Catholic Church does. And yet, an immaculately conceived baby is actually one whose parents had sex just fine but whose own soul is free of sin. Free of original sin, the flaw every other baby starts out with, ever since those ancestors sinned back in Eden. Look, I like Cracked, obviously, but they're not theologians; they're comedians. If the sentences I just quoted seem to contradict themselves, they do; welcome to the world of theology. But rest assured, immaculate conceptions have nothing to do with abstinence, and if you yourself were conceived thanks to good old copulation, there's nothing dirty about that. Religions may have some strange ideas about sex, but no religion says it's dirty for a husband and wife to have sex to make a child (least of all Catholicism, which is super into marital sex). Any religion that does claim that will have some trouble creating new followers. There have absolutely been religions that say this, and in accordance with the prophecy, they had trouble creating new followers. In any case, as we've seen numerous times (see also "decimate,") the meanings of words and phrases change over time, so unless you're a Bible literalist, at some point you're going to have to go with the flow and accept that Anakin Skywalker had an immaculate conception. 3. There's Nothing Especially Good About Samaritans (Though Also Nothing Bad) This one has bugged me for a while, because unlike mere words, "Samaritan" denotes a particular group of people, particularly the group living circa 30 C.E. The most famous parable in the Bible is surely the one about the Good Samaritan, the guy who helped a battered robbery victim after various other travelers turned a blind eye. And so today, anytime someone does a good deed, you might call them a "good Samaritan." Or, just call them a Samaritan -- "good Samaritan" feels redundant. There's even a charity simply called "the Samaritans." This is like calling your group "the Edomites" or "the Third Dynasty Egyptians." Samaritans were an ethnic group. Still are an ethnic group, actually, which is why it's kinda weird that we use the word to refer to anything other than the real people today. Okay, so their descendants are in fact still around. Yes, I learned something. In a Biblical context, Samaritans were mainly relevant for being an ethnic group Jews didn't much like. I think a modern parallel would be how a lot of people in Europe feel about the Roma or... well, you know, the Jews. The reasons for this prejudice were long and complicated, so all you need to know is that, as with every interethnic political feud, there was never any good reason to hate individual members of the maligned group. I'm just leaving this quote here because it's vitally important to remember. It would be like if, today, someone teaches a lesson by telling a story about three men locked out of their homes. The first man, a priest, climbs up a drainpipe to an unlocked window, slips, and breaks his neck. The second man, a rabbi, drives his pickup truck straight through the closed garage door, causing much property damage in his quest to gain entry. But the third man is Florida Man, and despite what you'd think, he phones a locksmith and has his door opened professionally. This is the story of the Prudent Florida Man, a lesson that subverts our expectations. That's... almost... a good joke, which is in fact what one would expect from a comedy writer. As years go by, now imagine people start calling various prudent people "prudent Florida Man," and then simply "Florida Man," because that's what they now think “Florida Man” means. That means the parable does a hell of a good job at breaking the original Florida Man stereotype, breaking it so hard it's eventually forgotten. But it also forgets half the original message of Jesus' parable, which is "just in general, don't be racist." And again, just, you know, leaving this here. 2. Every Prodigal Son You Can Think Of Probably Isn't Prodigal Over the years, people often quipped "the prodigal son returns" when someone returned, so "prodigal son" itself became a phrase that means "one who returns." It's funny how often that sort of things happens with language. Like how we said "good Samaritan" so much, we started thinking "Samaritan" means "someone good." Or, say, what happened with the phrase "damsel in distress." We used the phrase "damsel in distress" so much, we started thinking "damsel" itself means "woman in distress." Some people even now use the word damseling, when they want to say turning a woman into a woman in distress. And yet damsel really just means "young woman." As an aside, so does the word in Isaiah 7:14 which is usually translated as "virgin." That particular verse wasn't a prophecy; the writer of Isaiah was basically saying "when pigs fly." But anyway, back to prodigal. What does prodigal really mean, you ask? It means "spends wastefully." Meanings change, yes, but I do think it's important to know how they change. In fact, in the news media, "prodigal son" is often misused for someone who leaves home and makes a lot of money, which might be the opposite of being prodigal. Not the first time a word has come to mean its opposite, and likely not the last. See also: cleave. 1. "Vengeance Is Mine" Means Don't Seek Vengeance Here's another phrase that appears lot in pop culture. "Vengeance is Mine" is the title of a dozen different movies, as well as TV episodes, books, and songs. Always, the title comes from someone getting revenge. Take the classic Roald Dahl story "Vengeance Is Mine, Inc." Two broke bothers (prodigal ones perhaps) decide on a moneymaking scheme: taking revenge on clients' enemies, such as by stripping victims to their underpants and then dumping them on a public street. We see them carry out one job, breaking a newspaper columnist's nose, and then they ride off into the sunset. I mean, okay, I admit to being misled by most of these, but I always knew about the "...sayeth the Lord" completion of that particular Bible quote. Which makes sense. Most religions believe sinners get punished after death. Well, maybe not Judaism, so there could be room for vengeance if you take an Old Testament view, but other religions preach some form of hell, or karma, or reincarnation. That means religious people should see no need for exacting vengeance on those who are still alive, since that'll be taken care of supernaturally in the afterlife. And yet, it's often religious people who most believe that it's our duty to punish the wicked. No, that is not what most Jews believe about vengeance, and thinking that they do contributes to centuries of Judaeophobia (a word I coined because everything has to have a -phobia ending these days, so let's be inclusive here), so stop that. There are other reasons for punishment (deterrence, rehabilitation, incapacitation), but it's retribution (vengeance) that so many moral crusaders demand when they call for harsh sentences. Well, the next time you hear a Bible thumper say we need to fry a criminal because it's what they deserve, ask, "Have you so little faith in our Lord in heaven, that you doubt He will punish evildoers as He sees fit?" On second thought, don't say that. That's how Jesus talked, and we all know what they did to that guy. So there you have it, and yes, sometimes it pays to get your theological instruction from a comedy writer. On a personal note, I think I've fully recovered from my procedure yesterday morning, and everything went well. So, bad news, you'll probably have to put up with me for a while longer. Probably. |
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