Noble prize

THE NOBEL PRIZE CEREMONY


The Nobel prize is awarded for outstanding contributions for humanity in peace, physics, literature, physiology or medicine. The Nobel prizes are presented by Swedish Academy. Nobel committee of Royal Swedish Academy of sciences. Nobel committee of Karolinska Institute and Norwegian Nobel committee. The will of the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895. The prize ceremonies takes place annually in Stockholm, Sweden, except for the peace prize ceremony which is held in Oslo, Norway.
The first Nobel prize ceremony was held in the year 1901 in Stockholm, Sweden ,in the fields of peace, literature, physics, chemistry and medicine. The ceremony was celebrated on the fifth death anniversary of Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor who invented dynamite and other high explosives.
At the Nobel prize award ceremonies on 10 December the Nobel laureates receive three things, a Nobel diploma, a Nobel medal and a document confirming the Nobel prize amount. The Nobel medals are handmade with careful handling, and in 18 carat green gold plated with 24 carat gold. The Nobel prize amount is set at Swedish kronor (SEK) 8.0 million per full Nobel prize. Between 1901 and 2015, the Nobel prize and prize in economic sciences were awarded 573 times to 900 people and organizations. Few people and organizations received it more than once, this makes a total of 870 individuals and 23 organization.




FACTS ON NOBEL PRIZES :
1. Alfred Nobel could speak five languages fluently at the age of 17. He left 31 million Swedish Kroner (today about 265 million dollars) to fund the Nobel prizes.
2. Since the start in 1901, there are some years when the Nobel prizes have not been awarded. The total number of times are 49. Most of them during World War 1 (1914-1918) and World War 2 (1939-1945).
3. Youngest Nobel peace prize laureate is Malala Yousafzai, who was 17 years old when awarded the 2014 peace Nobel prize.
4. Jean Paul Sartre, awarded the 1964 Nobel prize in literature, declined the prize because he had consistently declined all official honours.
5. Boris Pasternak, the 1958 Nobel laureate in literature, initially accepted the Nobel prize but was later forced by the authorities of the Soviet Union, his native, to decline the Nobel prize.
6. Marie Curie was awarded the 1911 Nobel prize in chemistry along with her husband Pierre Curie. She is the only woman so far, who has been awarded the Nobel prize twice. She was also the first woman to receive the prize. Marie and Pierre’s daughter Irëne Joliot Curie was awarded the 1935 Nobel prize in chemistry. Their son-in-law Frederic Joliot Curie was also awarded Nobel prize for chemistry in 1935.
7. Brilliant inventors Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla never won Nobel prizes. It was discovered that they hated each other so much that they would not stand on the same stage together.





FAMOUS LITERATURE NOBEL LAUREATES


Rabindranathtagore :
Rabindranathtagore was born on 7th may, 1861 in Calcutta, India.
The Nobel prize in literature 1931 was awarded to Rabindranath Tagore because of his amazing sensivity. What he wrote was fresh and beautiful. He expressed his poetic thought in his own kind of english words which is a part of the literature of the west.

Rudyard Kipling :
Joseph Rudyard Kipling was born on 30th december, 1865 in Bombay, India. The Nobel prize in literature 1907 was awarded to Rudyard Kipling taking under consideration his power to observe. His imagination was original. He had remarkable talent for narration which was an important character in his writings.

George Bernard Shaw :
George Bernard Shaw was born on 26 of july, 1856 in Dublin, Ireland. The Nobel prize in literature 1925 was awarded to George Bernard Shaw for his work which contains the touch of both idealism and humanity. Besides being a writer he was also interested in social service. The way he infused satire with singular poetic beauty was outstanding. His writings revealed his feelings towards the people of the society both rich and poor. He described in detail the cause and solutions of many social evils.

Thomas Stearns Eliot :
T.S.Eliot was born on 26th september, 1888 in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. The Nobel prize in literature was awarded to T.S.Eliot for his outstanding remarkable contribution to modern poetry or present ay poetry. He introduced new ways of writing poems like free verses, orientation towards fragmentations and multiple point of view.

Svetlana Alexievich :
Svetlana Alexievich was born on 31st may, 1948 in Stanislaviv, Ukrainian SRR. Svetlana was awarded the 2015 Nobel prize in literature for her polyphonic writings which is a monument to suffering and courage in our time. She is also believed to have mastered historical and biographical descriptions reflecting in her work.