The history of the Arab world

The history of the Arab world

Over the years the middle east had developed, there were great empires like ottoman empire and Umayyad empire.

Umayyad empire's capital was Damascus, they built it into a great city.

Umayyed empire expanded from Spain in the west to Syria in the east. Spain was a great country, and they made it greater.

The first ruler of the Umayyed empire was Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan, and one of the the greatest rulers was Al-Wlid ibn abd al-malik , he built great Mosques in Damascus.

The Byzantine and Sassanid Empires relied on money economies before the Muslim conquest, and that system remained in effect during the Umayyad period. But then Abd Al-malek bin Marwan created an Islamic currency.

The second empire that ruled the middle east is Abbasid empire in Baghdad, which is between Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

The first ruler was Abu'l Abbas, He ruled the land for four years.

The Abbasid historical period lasting until 1258 was considered the Islamic Golden Age.

Ganghis Khan, who was a mongol ruler, established a great and powerful dynasty, so they attacked the abbasid empire when they were weak and broken, They killed more than 10000 men, women, and children and they burnt the great library in Baghdad. So they ended a great empire that lasted for over 500 years.

The last Abbasid ruler was Al-Musta'sim.

The Ottoman Empire was first founded by Turkish tribes, It was called Ottoman empire
after the leader Osman and he was the first “sultan”
Suleiman the Magnificent(1520–1566) captured Belgrade in 1521, conquered the southern and central parts of the Kingdom of Hungary as part of the Ottoman wars with the Hungarians. In his time the empire became the strongist empire in the world.

The Ottoman Empire was ended after they had lost most of there territory is the middle east, the fall of a great empire in 1921......





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