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I'm beginning a collection of essays on American Racism. The American genome contains DNA from all parts of the world. The first documented mixing of African and North American DNA began in Spanish Florida in 1525. The mixing of African and northwest European DNA began even before an African named John Punch married a white woman in Virginia in 1636. White descendants of this union include Stanley Ann Dunham, the mother of President Barack Obama.

In the early years of the Virginia colony people often had to marry across the black, white, and red color lines because the number of men and women within a color group were not always equal. The mixing increased in the early years of permanent slavery because the black children of white female indentured servants [temporary slaves] became permanent slaves. Some slave owners required their white female indentured servants mate with black male permanent slaves. White male indentured servants then mated with black female permanent slaves. Some descendants of these unions were passing for white.before the American Revolution.

Only 500,000 Africans were imported to North America during the slave trade era The vast majority of descendants of slaves thus have white as well as black ancestry with many also having North American ancestry. Descendants of slaves are far more likely to have had ancestors living in 17th Century Virginia than white Americans.

Millions of white Americans have African and North American ancestors as well as European ancestors.
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which points out that the term "Africa-American" is racist.
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