Not for the faint of art. |
Complex Numbers A complex number is expressed in the standard form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i is defined by i^2 = -1 (that is, i is the square root of -1). For example, 3 + 2i is a complex number. The bi term is often referred to as an imaginary number (though this may be misleading, as it is no more "imaginary" than the symbolic abstractions we know as the "real" numbers). Thus, every complex number has a real part, a, and an imaginary part, bi. Complex numbers are often represented on a graph known as the "complex plane," where the horizontal axis represents the infinity of real numbers, and the vertical axis represents the infinity of imaginary numbers. Thus, each complex number has a unique representation on the complex plane: some closer to real; others, more imaginary. If a = b, the number is equal parts real and imaginary. Very simple transformations applied to numbers in the complex plane can lead to fractal structures of enormous intricacy and astonishing beauty. |
Final entry for November's "Journalistic Intentions" [18+] One bit of trivia I remember from my misspent youth: "The pumpkin is the only edible gourd." Like much of the trivia foisted upon an impressionable child, it's false... though the definitions of "pumpkin," "edible," and "gourd" are as squishy as a jack-o'lantern on November 1. Botanically, cucurbita pepo (which if you follow the link would be the binomial for, among other vegetables, delicata squash) is interesting, similar in some ways to citrus fruits or the cruciferous vegetables cabbage/kale/broccoli/cauliflower/kohlrabi/etc. Or dogs, for that matter, though "botany" and "dog" don't really work together. The point being that for some species, innate genetic traits make diversification relatively easy. Based solely on the Wikipedia article linked above, Delicata squash is a cultivar of the same species that also yields such diverse foods as zucchini and spaghetti squash... as well as some varieties of pumpkins. The reason the definition of "pumpkin" is squishy is that, just to cloud the matter, some pumpkins are of an entirely different lineage. The reason the definition of "edible" is squishy is that for a long time, I didn't consider zucchini to be edible. Lately I've grown rather more fond of it, when properly prepared (it took a long time to get over my mother's cooking habits). But it obviously tastes quite different from pumpkin, and apparently also from delicata, which I haven't actually tried. And the definition of "gourd" is squishy because... well, that gets into a lot of details that are irrelevant to the discussion at hand; basically, gourds were known in Eurasia/Africa from antiquity - they're even mentioned in the Bible - whereas seeds taken in prehistoric times to the American continents took a different path, one which brought us to pumpkins and squash like zucchini. Which, to muddy the waters even further, is known as courgette in the UK and France. That's right -- despite the obvious Italian origins of the name, zucchini is (or to be pedantic, "are") American. By which I mean the continents in general, not specifically from the US. This origin, they share with things like tomatoes, potatoes, and maize, all of which Europeans happily adopted in an early bout of cultural appropriation. Anyway, despite its relationship with pumpkins, I don't think anyone's going to carve delicata squash for Halloween. But it sounds to me like a good addition to any harvest feast. |