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 |  Being Retired now, I thought that it was time for a new name to this Blog |
| Submarine Reactor Startup I wrote an entry in my other blog, "Memories. Ahhh Yes, Memories of My Life"  , (which is currently on hiatus and will remain that way) about starting the Submarine's Reactor. With this blog no longer about trips I take, I thought that I'd expound on that a little tonight.First, a little about our duty sections. There weren't that many men (there were no women aboard submarines during my service) in a duty section. Maybe 10-11? I don't recall really. Most were under 30 years of age, new Nukes would be 19-21 or so. But, Electricians (EM's) and Electronics Technicians (ET's) stood watches as a Shutdown Reactor Operator (SRO), and Shutdown Electrical Operator (SEO). One EM had to be qualified as Battery Charging Electrician (BCE), one ET had to be qualified as a Reactor Operator (RO) during underway periods. After completing my qualifications, I ended up being the EM and BCE, as well as an SRO. One of the ET's was also SRO qualified, as well as RO underway. Why was this necessary? Let me explain. Each duty section needed an RO so a Precritical Checkoff could be done before the Reactor was started. He would also perform the Daily Shutdown Checkoff. Each duty section also needed a BCE so the weekly Battery Charge could be done. Yep, we charged the battery weekly, even when in port. Since there were generally six ET's/EM's in a watchstation (IF we were lucky), you would think that 'Heck, y,all were in 3 section watches, even if we were on Port & Starboard duty sections'. Port & Starboard. One day on duty, one day off. If it was a watchstation, then 6 hours on watch, 6 hours off (6-Noon, Noon-6, 6-Midnight, Midnight-6). So yeah, think again. The crew turnover is not really high, but it was enough that generally there would be at least one or two people qualifying for one watchstation or another. I spent more time on Port & Starboard Duty Sections and Port & Starboard watches than I care to think about. Are you getting the idea that we didn't have a lot of chances to rest? Yep, but somehow we kept things going. Eventually it came time to head to sea. The Duty Section had a lot to do in order to make the Engineroom, and Reactor ready to go. The Machinists Mates (maybe 5 in a Duty Section) had valve lineups to do on both the Reactor Plant, and the Secondary Plant, as well as drain the Steam Generators (if needed) to the Operational Level. These tasks took a lot longer than you might think. The ET's had a Pre-Critical Checkoff to do. Us EM's? Not a lot, other than support Watches. One thing that was done sometime during the refit period was Control Rod Checks. These took hours, I do mean hours, to do. You might find one man on watch (the Senior ET), while the SRO qualified EM was off. If there were 2 EM's qualified SRO, we were lucky. The SRO Qualified ET would be relieved by an SRO qualified EM so he could perform the Rod Checks. Yep, a junior ET would be present also, so he could learn how to perform this. The Rod checks are different from a Pre-Critical Checkoff in that each Control Rod was pulled to the top of the core, one at a time. Therefore, an Engineering Officer Of The Watch (EOOW) was in Maneuvering. Normally he was the Engineering Duty Officer (EDO), now he was the EOOW. The Pre-Critical Checkoff was done by 2 ET's, that was a requirement. So us EM's were on watch. I forgot what all was done during a Pre-Crit, but it took a good 4-5 hours to do. As Nuclear Trained Personnel, we took tasks like this very seriously, even if we goofed off a lot at other times. So, once the Pre-Crit was complete, valve lineups were done, the EDO would inform the Engineer of this, he would get permission to commence a Reactor Startup. The duty Section now manned underway watchstations. Another thing done though, was the Estimated Critical Position (ECP). We had to know when to expect the Reactor to become Critical. If it became Critical too soon, something was wrong, most likely in the calculations. (Yes, the EDO and Engineer would review the calculations before the startup was commenced.) Conversely, if the Reactor became Critical too late, something was wrong. You get the picture. A Reactor startup was then commenced. It would take almost an hour just to reach Criticality, depending on how long we had been shutdown, as well as if we were in what was called Hot Standby, or Cold Wet Layup. Eventually, the Reactor would be Critical, and then the 'fun' part starts. Heating the Primary Plant (if needed) as well as the Secondary Plant. This would typically take another hour or two. Once the plants were warmed properly, the Main Engines would be warmed by the Throttleman, and the Ships Service Turbine Generators would be warmed and started. Now the Electricians had their moment, the removal of Shore Power. This sound simple enough, you just unplug the boat from the pier It's a bit harder than it sounds though. Imagine trying to lift a cable that weighs 60 lbs/foot! Yeah, they were heavy. There were 3 of them each one capable of carrying 400 amps. If we were lucky a crane was available and could lift the cables for us. If not, we manhandled those cables. Around the time we were warming the plant up, the Forward (Non-Nuclear) crew would come aboard and about that time, we'd be ready to go to sea. Oh such fun it was! Are you concerned at all that the greater majority of men & women operating a Submarine Reator wewre (are) less than 25 years of age? Not only operating, but performing maintenance, and generally keeping the plant going. Even the senior most Enlisted man was less than 40. The Officers (EOOW's & EDO) were not much older, maybe 23-25 years old. Yes, if I could do it all over again, I would. Most definitely I would. Until next time, Be good, treasure those you love, and Write!{/left}  Jim Dorrell |
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